Pigmentation refers to the natural colouring of the skin, hair, and eyes, determined by the pigment melanin. While melanin provides essential protection against sun damage, irregular pigmentation can lead to conditions like hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and other skin discolourations. These concerns can affect self-confidence, but effective treatments are available to restore a smooth, even tone.
Understanding what triggers pigmentation issues is key to managing and preventing them:
Sun Exposure
Prolonged UV exposure stimulates melanin production, resulting in sunspots and age spots.
Hormonal Changes
Fluctuations in hormones, particularly during pregnancy or while taking contraceptives, can trigger melasma, a common pigmentation condition.
Inflammation
Skin trauma, acne, or eczema can lead to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, where dark spots develop in response to healing.
Genetics
Certain pigmentation disorders, like freckles and moles, are inherited traits.
Aging
With age, cumulative sun exposure and natural skin changes can cause uneven pigmentation and dark spots.
Pigmentation disorders are classified into three main categories, each with distinct characteristics:
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